Development, Optimization, and In vitro Evaluation of Ethosomal Gel of Dalbergia sissoo Leaves Extract
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Abstract
Aim: The present study aimed to develop an ethosomal gel loaded with Dalbergia sissoo leaves extract for
transdermal application. Materials and Methods: D. sissoo extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis,
flavonoid content, total phenolic content, and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis. The ethosomes
containing D. sissoo extract were formulated and characterized based on morphology, particle size, surface charge,
and encapsulation efficiency. Subsequently, the optimized ethosomes were incorporated into Carbopol gel and
then evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH, viscosity, and skin permeation. Results and Discussion: Dalbergia
extract incorporated in the ethosomes showed spherical shape, vesicle size (143 nm), −14.9 mV surface charge,
and good entrapment efficiency (84.4%). The optimized formulation was further incorporated into Carbopol gel
and showed optimal pH (6.2), good spreadability, high release percentage (85.92%), as well as stability over
60 days. Conclusion: The findings revealed that the ethosomal gel loaded with D. sissoo leaves extract was found
to be a potential strategy for effective delivery.
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