A review article of UPLC and its emerging application and challenges and opportunities

Abstract

Ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) has emerged as a powerful analytical tool in pharmaceutical
applications, offering enhanced resolution, speed, and sensitivity compared to traditional high-performance liquid
chromatography. This technique, which utilizes smaller particle sizes in the stationary phase and higher operating
pressures, significantly improves the efficiency of drug analysis, quality control, and formulation development.
UPLC plays a critical role in the separation and quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients, excipients,
and impurities in pharmaceutical products. It is widely employed in the analysis of complex matrices, such as
biological fluids and dosage forms, enabling the accurate determination of drug concentration and pharmacokinetic
parameters. In addition, UPLC is instrumental in the stability testing and shelf-life assessment of pharmaceuticals.
The technique’s advantages, including reduced analysis time, lower solvent consumption, and high-throughput
capabilities, make it a preferred choice in the pharmaceutical industry for both regulatory compliance and R and
D purposes. This overview highlights the various pharmaceutical applications of UPLC, demonstrating its impact
on drug development, quality assurance, and patient safety.