Floating matrix tablets of atenolol: Formulation and in vitro evaluation
Main Article Content
Abstract
floating properties (floating lag time, floating time and matrix integrity), swelling studies and drug content. The physicochemical parameters of formulated tablets were found to be within normal range. A significant difference in drug
release (P , 0.0001) and floating lag time (P , 0.005) at 0.5, one, four and eight hours were observed. The floating lag time of all the formulations was within the prescribed limit (,10 minutes). All the formulations showed good matrix
integrity and retarded the release of drug for eight hours. The release pattern of atenolol was fitted to different models based on coefficient of correlation (r). All the formulations, except F2, F3 and F6 showed Korsemeyer-Peppas model
as the best fit model. Formulation F2 and F3 showed first order model while F6 showed zero order model. Diffusion exponent (n) value was found in the range of 0.52-0.99 indicating diffusion as a release mechanism. The swelling studies
of all the formulations showed that formulations containing Xanthan gum has higher swelling indices than HPMC K100M and HPMC K4M. It can be concluded that formulations with higher swelling indices retarded the release of drugs more
than those with lower swelling indices.
Downloads
Article Details
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License [CC BY-NC 4.0], which requires that reusers give credit to the creator. It allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, for noncommercial purposes only.
References
Ichikawa M, Watanake S, Yake YM. A new multiple unit oral floating
dosage systems: Preparation and in vitro evaluation of floating and
sustained release characteristics. J Pharm Sci 1991;80:1062-6.
Yeole PG, Khan S, Shah K. Floating drug delivery system: Need and
development. Int J Pharm Sci 2005;67:265-72.
Chawla G, Gupta P, Koradia V, Bansal AK. Gastro retention, a means to
address regional variability in intestinal drug absorption. Pharm Tech
;50-60.
Davis SS. Formulation strategies for absorption windows. DDT
;10:249-57.
Arora S, Ali J, Ahuja A, Khar RK, Baboota S. Floating drug delivery
system. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 2005;6:E372-90.
Rocca JG, Omidian H, Shah K. Progress in gastro retentive drug delivery
system, Business Briefing: PharmaTech 2003;5:152-6
Talukdar MM, Mooter GV, Augustijns P, Tjandra-Maga T, Verbeke N,
Kinget R. In vivo evaluation of xanthan gum as potential excipients for oral
controlled release matrix tablet formulation. Int J Pharm 1998;169:105-13.
Choi BY, Park HJ, Hawng SJ, Park JB. Preparation of alginate beads for
floating drug delivery system: Effect of CO2 gas forming agents. Int J
Pharm 2002;239:81-91.
Sungthongjeen S, Paeratakul O, Limmatvapirat S. Preparation and in vivo evaluation of a multiple unit floating drug delivery system based on
gas formation technique. Int J Pharm 2006;324:136-43.
Shimpi S, Chauhan B, Mahadik KR, Paradkar A. Preparation and
evaluation of diltiazem hydrochloride-gelucire 43/01 floating granules
prepared by melt granulation. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 2004;5:1-6.
Tanwar YS. Floating microspheres: Development, characterization and
application. Available from: http://www.pharmainfo.net. [last cited in 2007].
Dollery C. Therapeutic Drugs.1st ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone;
p. A.224-7.
Florey K. Analytical profile of drug substances. 12th ed. Vol. 13.
New Delhi: Reed Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd; 2005. p. 2-25.
Chopra S, Patil GV, Motwani SK. Release modulating hydrophilic matrix
systems of losartan potassium: Optimization of formulation using
statistical experimental design. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2007;66:73-82.
Srivastava AK, Wadhwa S, Ridhurkar D. Oral sustained delivery
of atenolol from floating matrix tablets- Formulation and in vitro
evaluation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2005;31:367-74.
Siepmann J, Peppas NA. Modeling of drug release from delivery systems
based on hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC). Adv Drug Deli Rev
;48:139-57.
Costa P, Lobo JM. Modeling and comparison of dissolution profiles. Eur
J Pharm Sci 2001;13:123-33.
Khan KA. The concept of dissolution efficiency. J Pharm Pharmacol
;27:48-9.
Babu PS, Devi MV, Sankar KM. In vitro evaluation of commercial modified
release glipizide tablets. The Indian Pharmacist 2004;3:65-9
Vendruscolo CW, Andreazza IF, Ganter JL, Ferrero C, Bresolin TM.
Xanthan and galactomann (From M. Scabrella) matrix tablets based for
oral controlled delivery of theophylline. Int J Pharm 2005;296:1-11.
Banker GS, Anderson NR. Tablets. The Theory and Practice of Industrial
Pharmacy. 3rd ed. Bombay: Varghese Publishing House; 1998. p. 297-9.
Rahman Z, Ali M, Khar RK. Design and evaluation of bilayer floating
tablets of captopril. Acta Pharma 2006;56:49-57.
Hiremath SN, Farhat F, Swamy PV, Ramanamurthy KN. Design and in vitro
evaluation of hydrodynamically balanced system of famotidine. Ind Dru
;44:767-71.
Missaghi S, Fisshi R. Release characterization of dimenhydrate from
an eroding and swelling matrix: Selection of appropriate dissolution
apparatus. Int J Pharm 2005;293:35-42.
Indian Pharmacopoeia. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Controller of Publications;
: p. 74.
Sangalli ME, Maroni A, Foppoli A, Zema L, Giordano F, Gazzaniga A.
Different HPMC viscosity grades as a coating agent for an oral time
and or site controlled delivery system: Study on process parameters
and in vitro performances. Eur J Pharm Sci 2003;22:469-76.
Mirchandani HL, Chien YW, Bruce PD, Senshang L, Shoufeng L. Effect
of HPMC and carbopol on the release and floating properties of
gastric floating drug delivery system using factorial design. Int J Pharm
;253:13-22.
Jamzad S, Tutunji L, Fisshi R. Analysis of macromolecular changes and
drug release from hydrophilic matrix. Int J Pharm 1999;292:75-85.