Clinical Trials: Advancing Medical Solutions for Health

Abstract

A clinical trial is a study conducted on human subjects to find solutions to specific medical problems. The
best and quickest way to uncover treatments that are effective in individuals and to improve health is through
well-conducted clinical trials. The safety and efficacy of new treatments and applications of established
ones are evaluated in clinical trials. The focus of observational trials is on populations or large groups of
people experiencing health problems in their everyday environments. Clinical trials, which aim to evaluate
the efficacy of a treatment, are a highly specialized type of biological experiment. Clinical pharmacologists
conduct phase I drug kinetics, safety, and gross effects studies on human volunteers. Phase II testing involves
studying the drug’s effects on a smaller group of patients to determine its pharmacokinetics, safety, and
therapeutic efficiency; phase III testing involves studying hundreds more patients, primarily to determine the
drug’s safety and therapeutic efficacy. If this measure passes, the medicine can officially be sold. Medical
professionals continue to provide feedback on the drug’s safety, side effects, and effectiveness even after it
has been commercialized.