A Retrospective Observational Study to Assess Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Cardiac Complications in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department in Tertiary Care Center

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate maternal outcomes in pregnant women with heart complications, focusing on age, delivery method,
baby weight, APGAR scores, and major complications. Material and Methods: This retrospective observational
study was conducted at Sri Venkateshwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, India. The study involved 90
participants, with data collected on maternal age, delivery methods, baby weight, APGAR scores, and major
complications. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethical Committee to ensure adherence to ethical
standards. Result and Discussion: The age distribution of participants ranged from 18 to 40 years, with 46% aged
24-29 years and 40% aged 18-23 years. Cardiac dysfunction was present in 28% of patients, and 24% had congenital
heart disease (CHD). The findings highlight the importance of identifying high-risk age groups and understanding the
prevalence of cardiac conditions such as cardiac dysfunction and CHD among pregnant women. Monitoring stillbirth
rates and assessing infant responsiveness through APGAR scores are critical. Proactive management strategies are
essential to mitigate morbidity associated with pregnancy-related complications. Conclusion: The study underscores
the significance of cardio-obstetrics in managing cardiovascular health during pregnancy. By identifying high-risk
groups and complications, healthcare providers can adopt proactive strategies to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.