Melanoma Knowledge and AwarenessAssessment among Adult Population inSaudi Arabia and their Ability to RecognizeSuspicious Lesions
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Abstract
Introduction: Although less frequent than other varieties, melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer that is
responsible for most deaths from skin cancer. Since the prognosis is heavily influenced by the stage of diagnosis,
early detection is crucial. Reducing morbidity and mortality requires raising public knowledge of melanoma
risk factors, which include fair skin, ultraviolet radiation exposure, family history, and sunburn history. The
population’s capacity to identify worrisome skin lesions is equally significant, especially if they show signs of
asymmetry, irregular boundaries, color fluctuation, diameter increase, or progression over time. However, there
is still a knowledge and lesion recognition gap in many populations, particularly in areas with limited access to
dermatological education. Objectives: The study is aimed to assess the population’s awareness and knowledge
regarding the risk factors of melanoma in Saudi Arabia and whether they are able to identify lesions requiring
dermatological intervention. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured,
self-administered online questionnaire distributed to adults aged 18–65 years across Saudi Arabia, including
both males and females. The questionnaire was disseminated via online platforms such as WhatsApp, Instagram,
Telegram, and X. It assessed knowledge of melanoma risk factors, awareness of preventive behaviors, and the
ability to identify suspicious skin lesions using validated image-based scenarios. Demographic data were also
collected. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the responses, and chi-square tests were used to examine
associations between knowledge levels and demographic variables. The survey tool was piloted to ensure clarity
and reliability. Ethical approval was obtained, and informed consent was required from all participants before data
collection. The minimum target sample size was 385, calculated using a standard formula based on prevalence
estimation, a 95% confidence level, and a 5% margin of error
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