Microbiological Profile and Inflammatory Markers in Meconium Aspiration Syndrome: Review
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Abstract
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is characterized by respiratory distress in newborns exposed to meconium
stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) with no alternative explanations. Earlier, it was stated that the womb is a sterile
environment and microbial colonization in neonates begins at birth. Recent studies showing the presence of
microorganisms in the MSAF in utero suggest that the meconium in the fetus does contain microorganisms.
These microorganisms present in MSAF and meconium may cause intrauterine infection, chorioamnionitis in
mothers, neonatal sepsis, and pneumonitis in neonates. In addition, this review discusses the fetal inflammatory
response to MAS. The combined involvement of obstetricians, neonatologists, and pediatricians in prevention and
treatment further reduces MAS cases. Understanding the microorganisms and drug-resistant patterns in neonates
with MSAF aids in diagnosing and prescribing antibiotics, which is vital in antibiotic stewardship for managing
neonates with MAS.
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